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September 5, 2025Open Access

The first case of competitive authoritarianism in Turkey: the Democrat Party, 1950–1960

Key Points

The Democrat Party era is identified as the first instance of competitive authoritarianism in Turkey, reshaping historical narratives.
New research reveals that while initially seen as democratization, the DP period is better understood through the lens of competitive authoritarianism.
This analysis highlights the role of the Democrat Party in the transition to a multi-party political landscape in Turkey.
The findings contrast with existing literature, which often praises the DP era despite its undemocratic attributes.

Abstract

The extant literature on modern Turkish politics offers a mixed perspective on the Democrat Party (DP) period and the 1950s. The foundational literature extolls the DP era as a period of democratization which ended with a military coup, while the recent literature disputes this view. Based on new research, this article aims to provide conceptual clarity by establishing the DP period as the first example of competitive authoritarianism in Turkey. This re-articulation of the Turkish center right's foundational moment provides a novel perspective on the DP era and the beginnings of multi-party period in Turkey.

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Cite This Study

Suleyman Gokce (Mon,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68bb4d2d6d6d5674bcd015ed https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2025.2551314

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