Parking management and operation represent a major challenge for both users and administrators, who seek to ensure efficient utilization, accommodate as many demands as possible, and reduce maintenance costs. This paper presents a theoretical model for an integrated IT system designed for parking management and administration. The modeling process involved designing a parking facility using the AutoCAD Vehicle Tracking v25.00.2775 software package, in accordance with current design standards. To simulate system operation, a dedicated Python v2025.12.0 program was developed to assign parking spaces to arriving vehicles based on specific allocation criteria. Three allocation strategies were applied: random allocation, allocation aimed at minimizing the driving distance within the parking lot, and allocation aimed at reducing the walking distance from the assigned space to the destination. The simulation results show that, in the absence of allocation criteria, parking spaces are utilized in a quasi-uniform manner. The calculated values of variance and standard deviation are significantly lower in this case, increasing as allocation restrictions are introduced, but then returning to reduced values as the occupancy rate grows, since under intensive use the potential for controlled allocation decreases. The relationship between the number of allocations of each parking space and the applied allocation strategies was examined using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. The results reveal a direct linear dependence under moderate demand and an inverse dependence under high demand—patterns consistent with situations observed in practice. The proposed software application provides a practical tool for effective parking management, contributing to the rational use of parking spaces, reduced travel distances within the facility, lower fuel consumption, and consequently, reduced pollution.
Dragu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.