The article provides an assessment of the influence of different types of fertilizers on the reserves of productive moisture in the soil, the formation of biological yields and the structure of the winter wheat crop in the grain crop rotation. The research was carried out in 2024 in a stationary scientific and production experiment (Kursk region) on typical medium-loamy chernozem. The following crops alternated in the crop rotation: winter rapeseed — winter wheat — corn for grain — spring barley. Fertilizer systems: mineral (“Azofoska 16:16:16” — N70P70K70), organomineral (organic fertilizer based on lowland peat “Universal 7-7-8”) and organic (organic fertilizer based on bird droppings “Biogran 5-4-4”). The fertilizer options were equivalent in terms of active substance. It was found that both organic and organomineral fertilizers contributed to an increase in soil moisture reserves. The application of fertilizers “Biogran 5-4-4” and “Universal 7-7-8” increased wheat yields by 1.9 and 1.8 times, respectively, compared with the control. When using only mineral fertilizers, the indicator in question increased 1.5 times. When using organic fertilizer, an increase in the number of productive winter wheat stalks and a weight of 1,000 grains was noted. The number of grains in the ear was greatest in the variant with organomineral fertilizer. Studies have shown that organic and organomineral fertilizers used in the experiment for growing winter wheat were preferable to mineral fertilizers in terms of crop yield and grain quality.
Lukyanov et al. (Tue,) studied this question.