What type of study is this?

This is a Cross-Sectional Study study.

September 10, 2025

Histopathological and Molecular Spectrum of Breast Carcinoma With Special Reference to Ki-67

Key Points

Ki67 index shows a significant correlation with tumor grade and hormone receptor status, emphasizing its prognostic role.
Most tumors were Grade II, and the most common molecular subtype identified was Luminal B (HER2+).
Statistical analysis using ANOVA revealed a notable increase in Ki67 with higher tumor grades, suggesting its relevance in classification.
The study included 150 cases of invasive breast carcinoma, highlighting the importance of biomarkers like Ki67 in prognosis.

Abstract

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most common cancer in Indian women. Biomarkers like Ki67 aid in molecular subtyping and prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the histopathological and molecular characteristics of breast carcinoma and correlate Ki67 index with tumor grade and molecular subtypes. This cross-sectional study included 150 histopathologically confirmed cases of in Methods: vasive breast carcinoma. IHC was performed for ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67. Tumors were graded and classified into molecular subtypes. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v15.0, with ANOVA for correlations. : Mean age was 52.86 ± 12.17 years. IDC was the most common subt Results ype (83.3%). Most tumors were Grade II (69%). ER, PR, and HER2 positivity were seen in 54%, 36%, and 47.3% respectively. Luminal B (HER2+) was the most common molecular type (24.7%), followed by Triple Negative (24%). Mean Ki67 increased significantly with grade (Grade I: 25%, Grade II: 37.71%, Grade III: 50.45%, p=0.020). ER- and PR-negative tumors had significantly higher Ki67 indices (p<0.001 and p=0.001 respectively). Conclusion: Ki67 index significantly correlates with tumor grade and hormone receptor status, supporting its role as a prognostic marker.

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