The advancement of information technology has given rise to electronic contracts as a modern form of agreement conducted without face-to-face interaction, crossing territorial and temporal boundaries. In the context of Indonesian Law, electronic contracts have been legally recognized through Law Number 11 of 2008 in conjunction with Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (EIT Law). However, their implementation still faces several challenges, particularly in ensuring the principle of legal certainty. This study employs a normative legal method by analyzing legislation, legal doctrines, and academic literature to examine the application of the principle of legal certainty and identify obstacles in the evidence and enforcement of electronic contracts. The findings show that weak digital legal infrastructure, limited digital literacy among Law enforcement officers, and the lack of regulatory harmonization hinder the enforcement of legal certainty in electronic contracts. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen legal certainty through regulatory harmonization, the development of adap tive digital evidence mechanisms, and the improvement of institutional capacity and legal resources.
Inayah et al. (Wed,) studied this question.