Since the establishment of the BRICS mechanism, the imbalance between economic and trade cooperation and people-to-people and cultural exchanges has posed challenges to fostering deeper mutual understanding and political trust among member states. As BRICS countries are in their second golden decade, seeking cooperation among civil society organizations will help build a platform for people-to-people and cultural exchanges, provide a solid social foundation for economic and trade cooperation, and promote the consolidation of the three-pillars cooperation framework. This research focuses on Brazilian civil society organizations, examining their basic characteristics and development trends. By analyzing their regional distribution, per capita ratios, and sectoral distribution, it explores their development status and trends. Building on this foundation, the paper investigates their dual role under the BRICS mechanism: serving as a stabilizing force to ensure Brazils internal stability and acting as key participants in promoting people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation among BRICS countries. The study aims to provide cooperation suggestions for promoting economic and trade cooperation and people-to-people and cultural exchanges among countries under the BRICS mechanism.
Liu et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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