The activities of the BRICS intergovernmental association attract the attention of the global community and academic researchers. This is due to various circumstances, such as the economic potential of the member states, the possibilities for further expansion, and the diversity of cooperation areas. The energy sector is no exception, representing one of the leading areas of joint activities for BRICS. It should be noted that the energy sector is the foundation for a country’s industry and economy, which entails its constant evolution. Moreover, a new round of energy reformation is under way: the so-called fourth energy transition, which includes the introduction of renewable energy sources, ensuring energy sustainability, and the use of energy-efficient systems. Most BRICS members have great potential in the field of renewable energy generation and power grid development. The main areas and measures of state regulation related to the integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the countries’ fuel and energy complex are enshrined in the national laws of the association members. The national goals are achieved by joint activities within BRICS, which include implementing multilateral energy projects (including investment and construction), organizing and holding events for renewable energy experts, participating in the BRICS Energy Research Cooperation Platform initiative, etc. Despite the major potential in this field, BRICS faces a number of challenges that could affect further cooperation. First, there is a need to take collective action to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change. Second, there are differences in legal, tax, and regulatory frameworks of the BRICS member states. Third, there are objective difficulties in arranging the transportation of energy resources between the association members. This article formulates proposals on directions for international legal harmonization in the field in question within BRICS
Ekaterina M. Kologermanskaya (Wed,) studied this question.