Radiotherapy modulates the Ewing sarcoma transcriptional profile in an immune contexture–dependent manner. A, Experimental overview of Ewing sarcomas established in hu-CD34+ and NSG mouse models followed by treatment with radiotherapy. B, RNA was extracted from tumors at the experiment termination and bulk RNA-seq was performed. Volcano plots demonstrating differential gene expression after radiotherapy of TC32 Ewing tumors developed in hu-CD34+ or NSG mice. n = 9 humanized mice and n = 6 NSG mice. C, Venn diagram depicting the number of significantly DEGs after radiotherapy when Ewing sarcoma tumors are developed in a hu-cD34+ vs. NSG model. D, Pathway analysis performed on the shared DEGs after radiation in immunocompetent mouse model utilizing the EnrichR bioplanet 2019 library. E, Upstream analysis utilizing IPA performed on shared gene lists identifies IFNγ and IRF3 as predicted upstream regulators. A, Created in BioRender. Daley, J. (2025) https://BioRender.com/a3auqlx.
Daley et al. (Wed,) studied this question.