Seeding fragmented seagrass to assist recovery

Abstract Introduction The structure and function of seagrass habitats are essential for supporting ecosystem services and ensuring ecosystems resilience. However, seagrass ecosystems are continuing to decline globally. Restoration initiatives are increasingly adopted to help curb these losses and accelerate ecosystem recovery. Objectives This study sought to rapidly increase seagrass cover and structural complexity of a fragmented but recovering intertidal seagrass meadow. Methods To do this, we conducted in situ field experiments using four seed‐based restoration planting methods: hessian bags, clay seed balls, dispenser injection seeding (DIS), and planting seedlings. Changes in seagrass cover and structural complexity were monitored for a 6‐month period and compared to natural meadow recovery. Results Our results showed few differences in seagrass cover and structural complexity across the experimental planting methods. DIS showed marginally favorable results compared to other methods at sustaining cover throughout the experimental period. Seasonality was found to substantially influence seagrass traits, with marginal decreases in growth in planted plots observed when seasonal influence was removed. Conclusions These results indicate that both direct seeding and planting seedlings could potentially be used for enhancing seagrass recovery in low density meadows; however, method selection and meadow seasonal dynamics should be given careful consideration to facilitate rapid meadow recovery.