Risk Factors Contributing to Low Back Pain Among Healthcare Professionals in Rajshahi City Corporation, Bangladesh

Low back pain (LBP) is a nonspecific musculoskeletal condition that presents as acute or chronic pain in or near the lumbosacral region. It can result from inflammatory, degenerative, neoplastic, metabolic, gynecologic, traumatic, or occupational causes. Globally, LBP is recognized as one of the most prevalent health problems, contributing significantly to disability, absenteeism, reduced productivity, and increasing economic burden on healthcare and social systems. This study sought to identify the prevalence and risk factors of LBP among healthcare providers working in Rajshahi City Corporation, Bangladesh. A quantitative, analytical cross-sectional design was adopted due to its practicality, cost-effectiveness, and suitability for addressing the research objectives within a limited timeframe. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire focusing on demographic variables, occupational exposures, lifestyle factors, and pain characteristics. The analysis revealed that age, sex, body weight, BMI, dietary habits, and level of knowledge were not significantly associated with LBP among respondents. Instead, occupational and lifestyle-related factors—including history of lifting heavy weights, sedentary lifestyle, poor posture, prolonged sitting, and lack of adherence to preventive measures—emerged as the main contributors. Approximately 50% of participants reported no active pain at the time of the survey, and most did not experience radiation of pain to the thigh or leg. Sitting was identified as the posture most likely to aggravate pain, followed by walking. Although healthcare providers possess awareness of LBP risk factors, many demonstrated reluctance to adopt preventive behaviors or seek proper management, mirroring the attitudes of non-medical populations. The findings highlight the urgent need for mandatory educational programs and counseling on musculoskeletal health, alongside the incorporation of regular light exercise and ergonomic practices, to reduce the prevalence and occupational impact of LBP among healthcare professionals.