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September 17, 2025

In vivo Glx measurements from GABA-edited HERMES at 3T are not consistent with those from short-TE PRESS across scanners, regions, and age groups.

Key Points

Poor agreement observed between GABA-edited HERMES and PRESS for Glx measurements across all groups.
HERMES estimates show consistent systematic and proportional differences from PRESS across different scanners and age groups.
Measurements were taken from anterior cingulate cortex and thalamus across 272 participants and 4 scanners.
Findings highlight the need to consider MRS sequence selection and data integration across different acquisitions.

Abstract

Motivation: The reliability of 80ms HERMES for quantification of Glx (glutamate + glutamine) has not been assessed. Goal(s): Investigate the agreement between paired Glx measurements from GABA-edited HERMES (TE = 80ms) and conventional PRESS (TE = 35ms). Approach: HERMES and PRESS were acquired from two voxels (anterior cingulate cortex and thalamus) across 272 participants, 4 scanners, 2 age groups and 2 diagnostic groups. Results: We observe poor agreement between HERMES and PRESS Glx measurements, with consistent systematic and proportional differences between measurements across all scanners, age groups and diagnostic groups. Impact: In a large sample, we show that HERMES (TE = 80ms) Glx estimates are not consistent with paired Glx measurements from short-TE PRESS, highlighting the need for consideration during MRS sequence selection, integrating data across different acquisitions, and data interpretation.

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