The Construction of a Small-Caliber Barrel Wear Model and a Study of the Barrel Wear Rule

The wear of small-caliber barrels is one of the key factors affecting barrel life. Based on the Archard wear model, a high-temperature pin plate wear experiment was carried out, and wear models of chrome-plated layers and gun barrel materials were established. In addition, a finite element model of the interaction between the bullet and the barrel was established. The movement of the projectile along the barrel was simulated and analyzed, and the force distribution of the spatial geometry structure of the rifling was mastered through simulation. The wear law of the gun barrel along the axial direction was obtained based on the wear model of the chrome-plated layer and gun barrel material. A position 100 mm away from the barrel breech wears very fast; this position is where the cone of the bullet is engraved in the barrel. At the position 150–350 mm away from the barrel breech, the barrel bore wears even faster. The barrel chrome layer is mainly affected by the gunpowder impact and projectile engraving, which is consistent with the actual failure of the coating. When the distance to the barrel breech is 350 m, the wear becomes stable. Through an analysis of the diameter of the barrel, it was found that, when the diameter of the barrel exceeded 12.85 mm, the barrel reached the end of its life.