Cost-effectiveness of nivolumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin as first-line treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma in China and the United States

Nivolumab, recently proven in a phase 3 clinical trial (CheckMate 901) to enhance survival when combined with gemcitabine-cisplatin for advanced urothelial carcinoma. This study aimed to assess its cost-effectiveness against gemcitabine-cisplatin alone, from US and Chinese payers' perspectives.