Magneto-thermoelastic responses in an unbounded porous body with a spherical cavity subjected to laser pulse heating via an Atangana-Baleanu fractional operator

Poro-thermoelasticity models are crucial for analyzing porous materials in geotechnical engineering, such as how soil and rock respond to thermal and mechanical loads, fluid flow, and heat transmission. This study introduces a fractional dual-phase lag (DPL) porous thermoelasticity model using the Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative to analyze thermoelastic responses in a material with unlimited porosity containing a spherical cavity under a pulsed magnetic field. The governing equations were solved using Laplace transforms, and numerical solutions were obtained by inverting the transforms. Graphical representations of deformation, temperature variation, and thermal stresses were generated for analysis. The results reveal significant insights into the behavior of porous materials like concrete and masonry under thermal and mechanical stress, aiding the development of more robust and flexible structures. For example, the proposed model predicts a 20 % reduction in the amount of thermal stress compared to conventional models, highlighting the influence of phase lag and fractional derivatives in accurately simulating realistic conditions.