Active trachoma and associated factors in children aged 1 to 9 years living in Sasiga rural districts, East Wallaga Zone, Ethiopia, in 2022: a community- based cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Trachoma, caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatous, is a contagious eye condition that frequently affects children and quickly spreads from child to child and from child to caregiver. The study aimed to assess the distribution of active trachoma and its associated risk factors among children 1–9 years aged in Households of Sasiga Rural District, Western Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 577 randomly selected children from March to May 2022. A multistage sampling technique was used. Data was collected through an interviewer-based questionnaire, physical observation, and clinical eye examinations. Epi Data 3.1 was used for data entry. The data were analyzed with SPSS version 24. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions were performed. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to identify factors associated with active trachoma. A P -value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The distribution of Active Trachoma among children 1–9 years aged in Households of the study area was 9.5%(95%CI:7.11,11.89). Being from a low-income household with a monthly income of less than 1500 ETB AOR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.39, 8.75, Households where the nearest water supply is more than 30 min away AOR = 8.34, 95%CI: 1.89, 36.73, households with only one room AOR = 2.98, 95%CI: 1.027, 8.68, and presence of feces in the compound of the households AOR = 3.08, 95%CI: 1.41, 6.75 were associated with active trachoma in 1–9 years aged children living in the study setting. Conclusion The distribution of Active Trachoma among children 1–9 years aged in Households of the study area was found to be high. Monthly income, the time it took to get water for home use, and the presence of feces in household compounds were all linked to active trachoma in children living in the study area. As a result, continuous sanitary education on trachoma transmission and prevention should be strengthened in the district.