Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Abstract Globalization has significantly impacted global occupational health, thrusting it into the international spotlight. Occupational health status varies worldwide due to differences in economic, social, and legal systems, which can be categorized into three stages. The first phase involves occupational health conditions resulting from external environmental hazards. While high-income nations have effectively tackled these issues, low and middle-income countries still grapple with them. The second phase relates to occupational health conditions influenced by human factors within the work environment, often exacerbated by an aging workforce. Workers frequently endure degenerative health problems, including cardiovascular and musculoskeletal issues. These challenges affect workplaces globally, with limited solutions in certain middle and high-income countries. The third phase pertains to occupational health conditions shaped by each country's social system. High-income nations often confront concerns of early retirement due to health problems, while workers in most other countries persist beyond retirement age due to limited pension systems. This diversity in occupational health statuses results in varying approaches to occupational health services across countries, particularly affecting migrant workers. The overarching objective is to provide migrant workers with safe and healthy workplaces. These issues are further compounded by global climate changes. Recognizing these challenges, in 2022, the ICOH published the ICOH Statement for Migrant Workers. This declaration seeks to enhance conditions for migrant workers, addressing not only their working environments but also their living conditions.
Seong‐Kyu Kang (Mon,) studied this question.