Development of science in the space of russian capitals: The beginning of the Way

The article examines the processes of the formation of science in the space of Russian capitals. The features of the formation of networks of scientific objects in capital cities are noted: established (Moscow) and new (St. Petersburg). The formation of each network is considered against the background of the development of the city’s planning structure. The influence of production process technology on the selection of sites suitable for scientific research is shown. The reasons for the concentration of scientists in the Moscow territorial area “Kremlin ▪ Kitai-Gorod” and St. Petersburg “Vasilievsky Island” are determined. Materials are presented that characterize the development of communication between scientific institutions and educational institutions, manufacturing enterprises and other urban facilities that use the results of research work in their activities. Attention is paid to the problem of resettlement of scientists, production workers, teachers and students, organization of relatively independent towns within urban areas. The changes that the spatial organization of science underwent in the cities under consideration during the 17th and 18th centuries are analyzed.