Assessment of the Rationality of Design Solutions of Sound-Insulating Lightweight Partitions with Shotcreted Claddings

In modern construction practice, partition structures are often used that do not meet regulatory requirements for airborne noise insulation. This reduces the acoustic comfort and safety of people in the rooms. An urgent task of building acoustics is to find structural solutions for enclosures with the required sound insulation properties and minimum values of surface density and thickness. New design solutions were considered: a lightweight frameless partition with acoustic isolation of the shotcreted claddings and the middle layer; lightweight frameless partition with acoustic separation of layers and fragmented shotcreted claddings. As analogues currently used in the design and construction of civil buildings, lightweight single-layer partitions made of tongue-and-groove gypsum slabs, gas silicate blocks, monolithic gypsum concrete, as well as multilayer lightweight frame-sheathing partitions are considered. A methodology has been developed for assessing the rationality of new design solutions for sound-insulating lightweight partitions in comparison with analogues. At the first stage of the assessment, enclosures that do not meet regulatory requirements for the value of the airborne noise insulation index are excluded. After this, a comparative analysis of the design solutions of the partitions is carried out according to two parameters: surface density and thickness. The results of the completed assessment are presented in tabular and graphical forms. An evaluation of a lightweight partition with shotcreted claddings in comparison with a frame-sheathing partition showed the rationality of the new type of enclosure in terms of surface density. The developed methodology for assessing rationality is recommended for use in the design of civil buildings. This will eliminate the use of lightweight partitions that do not meet regulatory requirements and select rational design solutions without inflated values of surface density and thickness.