Future directions in geological research impacting renewable energy and carbon capture: A synthesis of sustainable management techniques

Geological research plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of renewable energy and carbon capture initiatives, offering insights into sustainable management techniques. This review synthesizes the future directions in geological research that impact renewable energy and carbon capture, focusing on sustainable management techniques. Future geological research will increasingly focus on enhancing the integration of renewable energy sources into existing energy systems. This includes the development of innovative geological mapping techniques to identify and characterize renewable energy resources with greater precision, aiding in the selection of optimal sites for energy production. Additionally, there will be a growing emphasis on utilizing geological data to assess the feasibility of carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects, particularly in volcanic regions, where the unique geological characteristics offer potential for efficient carbon sequestration. Another key aspect of future geological research is the advancement of monitoring and modeling techniques to evaluate the long-term performance and environmental impact of renewable energy and CCS projects. This includes the use of advanced geophysical and geochemical methods to monitor subsurface changes associated with energy extraction and carbon storage, ensuring the effectiveness and safety of these practices. Furthermore, future research will explore the potential of geological formations, such as deep saline aquifers and depleted oil and gas reservoirs, for large-scale carbon storage. This will involve developing strategies to enhance storage capacity and mitigate the risk of CO2 leakage, contributing to the sustainable management of carbon emissions. In conclusion, future geological research will play a critical role in advancing renewable energy and carbon capture technologies, offering sustainable management techniques that are essential for addressing climate change. By focusing on innovative mapping, monitoring, and modeling approaches, researchers can pave the way for a more sustainable energy future.