Impact of Driver Compliance and Aggressiveness in Connected Vehicles on Mixed Traffic Flow Efficiency: A Simulation Study

Connected vehicles (CVs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in today’s transportation systems, and understanding their behavior in mixed traffic flow is crucial for enhancing traffic efficiency and safety. This paper presents a comprehensive study investigating the impact of CV drivers’ compliance and aggressiveness on mixed traffic flow through simulation experiments. The unique contribution of this research lies in the adoption of a clustering method to classify CV drivers’ compliance and aggressiveness based on trajectory data captured by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). This approach allows for the accurate calibration of car-following and lane-changing models, surpassing previous methodologies. The study outlines two primary methods: the intelligent driver model (IDM) with driver compliance (CVs-IDM) and the lane-change 2013 model with drivers’ style. These methods are applied to simulate various scenarios of mixed traffic flow, considering different CV penetration rates and driver types. The pivotal findings reveal that higher CV penetration rates lead to reduced traffic flow disturbance, improved safety, and enhanced efficiency. Specifically, CV drivers exhibiting high compliance and normal aggressiveness demonstrate optimal performance in terms of disturbance reduction, safety, and overall efficiency. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners. It recommends increasing the CV penetration rate in mixed traffic flow to enhance overall efficiency. Moreover, selecting the appropriate CV driver type based on the penetration rate can further optimize traffic flow, positively impacting transportation systems and promoting safer and more efficient mixed traffic environments.