On degenerate perturbation theory for the Floquet-Hilbert space

We consider construction of effective Hamiltonians for periodically driven interacting systems in the case of resonant driving. The standard high-frequency expansion is not expected to converge due to the resonant creation of collective excitations, and one option is to resort to the application of degenerate perturbation theory (DPT) in the extended Floquet-Hilbert space. We propose an extension of DPT whereby the degenerate subspace includes not only the degenerate levels of interest but rather all the states of the system. The resulting approach, which we call extended DPT (EDPT), is shown to resemble a high-frequency expansion, provided the quasienergy matrix is constructed such that each mth diagonal block contains energies reduced to the mth Floquet zone. The proposed theory is applied to a driven Bose-Hubbard model and is shown to yield more accurate quasienergy spectra than the conventional DPT. The computational complexity of EDPT is intermediate between DPT and the numerically exact approach, thus providing a practical compromise between accuracy and efficiency.