Determinant Factors of The Incidence of Low Birth Weight in Central Java Province: Analysis of 2018 Basic Health Research Data

Low birth weight (LBW) is a major public health challenge worldwide, with significant short-term and long-term consequences for individuals and societies. This study aims to examine the most dominant risk and variations in the proportion of LBW based on fetal factors, maternal and obstetric factors, and sociodemographic factors among toddlers in Central Java Province, utilizing the 2018 Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) data. The research design employed in this study is cross-sectional, utilizing univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The dataset utilized for the research comprises 4255 toddlers residing in Central Java. The findings indicate that the prevalence of LBW in Central Java, as indicated by the 2018 Basic Health Research data, stands at 5.8%. The analysis reveals significant disparities in the proportion of LBW concerning variables such as twin pregnancies, parity, pregnancy complications, frequency of antenatal care visits, gestational age, and maternal education (p-value <0.05). Gestational age was found to be the dominant factor related to the incidence of LBW in toddlers in Central Java (OR=15,50). Socialization regarding recommended ANC standards and promotion of programs, such as classes for pregnant women can be carried out to help prevent LBW in Central Java.