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This article focuses on the development of a traveling wave-based protection strategy to enhance the fault-locating capabilities of the array grid’s protection system. Initially, a PSCAD simulation model is employed to model a floating wind farm with fishbone inter-array architecture, encompassing components such as transmission cables, transformers, wind turbine generators, and grid connections. These models are tailored to align with traveling wave theory. The article primary objective is to devise a protection strategy capable of accurately detecting and locating faults within the array grid. The analysis demonstrates that Haar and Daubechies 2 mother wavelets, employed in wavelet transform, exhibit exceptional time-frequency analysis properties, enabling the detection of traveling wave arrivals. Furthermore, when extending the double-ended fault locating method to a multiterminal system, the wavelet transform emerges as a reliable input for identifying faults within the fishbone inter-array grid. The effectiveness of the traveling wave-based fault protection strategy is evaluated through various study cases involving different fault types, locations, and inception angles. The analysis underscores the strategy's sensitivity to voltage traveling waves, with zero voltage inception angle faults posing a detection challenge. Nonetheless, overall, the traveling wave-based fault protection strategy exhibits strong performance in fault localization.
Hansen et al. (Mon,) studied this question.