Human Health Risks Due to Copper in Urban and Rural Topsoils from East Midlands, England

firstₚage Download PDF settings Order Article Reprints Font Type: Arial Georgia Verdana Font Size: Aa Aa Aa Line Spacing:    Column Width:    Background: Open AccessAbstract Human Health Risks Due to Copper in Urban and Rural Topsoils from East Midlands, England † by Gurminderjeet S. JagdevGurminderjeet S. Jagdev SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 1, María del Carmen Lobo-BedmarMaría del Carmen Lobo-Bedmar SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 2, María Ángeles Peña FernándezMaría Ángeles Peña Fernández SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 3, Mark D. EvansMark D. Evans SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 1 and Antonio Peña-FernándezAntonio Peña-Fernández SciProfiles Scilit Preprints. org Google Scholar 1, 4, * 1 Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK 2 Departamento de Investigación Agroambiental, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Finca El Encín, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 38. 2, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Spain 3 Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Crta, Madrid-Barcelona Km, 33. 6, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain 4 Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33. 600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. † Presented at the 1st International Electronic Conference on Toxics, 20–22 March 2024; Available online: sciforum. net/event/IECTO2024. Proceedings 2024, 102 (1), 49; https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024102049 Published: 3 April 2024 Download keyboardₐrrowdown Download PDF Download PDF with Cover Download XML Download Epub Versions Notes Keywords: copper; topsoils; presence and distribution; human risks; Leicestershire The purpose of our study was to determine the distribution of copper (Cu) in topsoils from urban public parks across Leicester and its rural surroundings (Leicestershire, England). A total of 850 topsoil samples were collected (2017–2018). A total of 26 composite samples were appropriately prepared after mixing samples collected per location (18 urban, 8 rural), which were further processed in duplicate. Cu was measured twice in each of the 52 composite samples via ICP-MS after acid/microwave digestion with nitric acid (69%) /chlorhydric acid (37%). Cu was found in all composites examined (LoD = 1. 335 mg/kg). Significantly higher levels were found in urban areas 43. 784 (27. 200, 56. 190) vs. 32. 678 (20. 280, 35. 710) ; data presented as median and IQR, in mg/kg; Peto–Prentice test, χ2 (1) = 7. 4, p-value = 0. 007), which might be logical as this metal is associated with traffic density. This would be supported by the enrichment factors calculated for rural topsoils (EF = 0. 101), which suggest minimal anthropogenic influence. Moreover, significant differences (p-value = 3 × 10−5) were found between the four ordinal directions dividing the Leicestershire region that were monitored to study the distribution of Cu, showing the following distribution: SW (51. 345) > NW (43. 827) > SE (37. 262) > NE (20. 052; all medians in mg/kg). This suggests a wide distribution of Cu in Leicestershire. Toxic risks derived from oral, inhalation, and dermal exposure to Cu from topsoils in the four ordinal directions in urban and in all rural topsoils monitored were 1, suggesting minimal non-carcinogenic risks deriving from exposure to Cu present in topsoils. Thus, the presence and distribution of Cu in Leicestershire's topsoils does not represent a significant risk for the population. In general, the range of Cu found (9. 580–101. 229 mg/kg) would suggest that the monitored topsoils were not polluted, if we consider the threshold proposed by the Finnish and Swedish legislations to denote unpolluted soils (100 mg/kg). However, continuous monitoring would be recommended to protect the public. Author ContributionsConceptualization, A. P. -F. ; methodology, G. S. J. , M. d. C. L. -B. , M. Á. P. F. , M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; validation, G. S. J. and A. P. -F. ; formal analysis, G. S. J. , M. d. C. L. -B. and A. P. -F. ; investigation, G. S. J. , M. d. C. L. -B. , M. Á. P. F. , M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; resources, A. P. -F. and M. d. C. L. -B. ; data curation, G. S. J. , M. d. C. L. -B. , M. Á. P. F. , M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; writing—original draft preparation, A. P. -F. ; writing—review and editing, G. S. J. , M. d. C. L. -B. , M. Á. P. F. , M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; visualization, G. S. J. , M. d. C. L. -B. , M. Á. P. F. , M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; supervision, M. d. C. L. -B. , M. Á. P. F. , M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; project administration, M. D. E. and A. P. -F. ; funding acquisition, M. d. C. L. -B. and A. P. -F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. FundingThis work has been funded through the program EIADES: "Technology Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sites" S0505/AMB-0296 and S2009/AMB-1478. Consejería de Educación, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain. Institutional Review Board StatementNot applicable. Informed Consent StatementNot applicable. Data Availability StatementThe data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to further processing for a future submission as a manuscript. Conflicts of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest. Disclaimer/Publisher's Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author (s) and contributor (s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor (s). MDPI and/or the editor (s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https: //creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4. 0/). Share and Cite MDPI and ACS Style Jagdev, G. S. ; Lobo-Bedmar, M. d. C. ; Peña Fernández, M. Á. ; Evans, M. D. ; Peña-Fernández, A. Human Health Risks Due to Copper in Urban and Rural Topsoils from East Midlands, England. Proceedings 2024, 102, 49. https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024102049 AMA Style Jagdev GS, Lobo-Bedmar MdC, Peña Fernández MÁ, Evans MD, Peña-Fernández A. Human Health Risks Due to Copper in Urban and Rural Topsoils from East Midlands, England. Proceedings. 2024; 102 (1): 49. https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024102049 Chicago/Turabian Style Jagdev, Gurminderjeet S. , María del Carmen Lobo-Bedmar, María Ángeles Peña Fernández, Mark D. Evans, and Antonio Peña-Fernández. 2024. "Human Health Risks Due to Copper in Urban and Rural Topsoils from East Midlands, England" Proceedings 102, no. 1: 49. https: //doi. org/10. 3390/proceedings2024102049 Article Metrics No No Article Access Statistics Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.