Investigation of driver preference for a user-centred design of decision systems in autonomous vehicles, part I: preferences for binary self-driving modes

As autonomous vehicles (AV) are becoming more pervasive in transportation, it is important to consider drivers' perceptions of these vehicles. The existing research has investigated taking over AV control, its safety and acceptance. However, the preferences for self-driving in multiple traffic situations have not been extensively investigated. In Part I, we aim to bridge these gaps by investigating such preferences in high and low traffic complexities. Eighty-eight participants in North America were recruited. They viewed video recordings of driving in the city of Toronto, the regional municipality of Waterloo and highways to answer survey questions. Their responses regarding perceptions and preferences were simply analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test at various traffic situations with two traffic complexities. It showed strong preferences for self-driving in most low complexity situations and certain situations in both complexities. These findings can suggest a few applicable design principles of AV decision system regarding traffic situation-based and biased perceptions-based user preferences. In Part II, we extend our analyses to user preferences for multiple two-stage actions of AVs and suggest additional design principles of the system with a more-in-depth insights.