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Background:Postoperative delirium (POD) is a type of delirium that occurs in patients following surgical operations and anaesthesia. It often reaches its highest point within 1-3 days following the procedure.The purpose of this work was to assess the effects of intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration on incidence of POD in elderly individuals who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: This prospective randomised controlled double- blinded work had been performed on 70 adult individuals aged above 65 years old, both genders, body mass index (18.5-29.9), American Society of Anaesthesiologists I-III physical status, planned to undergo unilateral total hip arthroplasty. The participants had been categorized into two groups equally: Dexmedetomidine Group: obtained intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion (200 µg/50 ml) in a dose of 0.3 µg/kg/hour. Control Group: received equivalent volume of saline infusion. Results: Number of patients developed hypoactive delirium was substantially lower in dexmedetomidine group contrasted to control group (p=0.011). Number of patients developed +ve CAM test was substantially greater in control group contrasted to dexmedetomidine group at 12 hrs, day 1 (morning and evening) and evening of day 2 postoperatively. The median time to first postoperative morphine administration was substantially prolonged in dexmedetomidine group contrasted to control group (p<0.001). Length of hospital stay, and adverse effects had been insignificantly various among the groups under the study. Conclusion: Administration of intraoperative dexmedetomidine provided lower incidence of POD, lower post operative pain score, lower total dose of post operative consumption of morphine and longer time to first postoperative morphine administration compared the control group without significant different in duration of delirium and incidence of adverse effects between the two studied groups.
Mosallam et al. (Mon,) studied this question.