Privacy-Preserving Decentralized Biometric Identity Verification in Car-Sharing System

The growing popularity of car-sharing applications underscores the need for robust security and privacy measures in user authentication. Traditional methods such as passwords and physical keys prove inadequate for safeguarding user privacy, securing data, and verifying the identity of the authorized driver. This paper introduces a decentralized biometric authentication system to address these challenges. The system primarily employs FaceNet for face recognition, effectively capturing facial features. A key feature is the implementation of self-sovereign identity (SSI), which grants users complete control over their personal identification data. The proposed system utilizes an off-chain approach with the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to store biometric data, promoting decentralization and reducing storage costs. Blockchain technology securely links to this data, employing decentralized identifiers (DIDs) and content identifiers (CIDs) to enhance traceability and data security. Additionally, the system incorporates fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), ensuring the safety and privacy of biometric data, even when uploaded to public platforms. Aligned with the general data protection regulation (GDPR), this system enhances security and privacy for contactless car-sharing applications. While initially designed for car sharing, its innovative approach holds potential for other industries requiring secure authentication methods.