Pathways to Religious Pluralism in College: A Critical Analysis of Identity, Campus Contexts, and Engagement

This study, based on the Interfaith Diversity Experiences and Attitudes Longitudinal Survey (IDEALS), examined pathways to pluralism orientation among more than 5,700 students who attended 118 U.S. colleges and universities between 2015 and 2019. Grounded in Critical Religious Pluralism Theory (CRPT), the analysis elevated the role of identities and contexts in pluralism progression, maintenance, and decline, illuminating the importance of climate, culture, support, and interfaith engagement in college students’ pluralism development. Implications are discussed to guide educators committed to advancing justice, equity, and social change in higher education and beyond.