Ecological security evaluation of wetlands in Changbai Mountain area based on DPSIRM model

Ecological safety evaluation is a key tool that reflects changes in the quality of the ecological environment and provides a scientific basis for land use policies and ecological environment construction. This study used the Changbaishan region as the study area, selected 23 indicators from natural and socioeconomic aspects, adopted the Driving Force-Pressure-State-Impact-Response-Management (DPSIRM) model, and used hierarchical analysis and entropy value methods to determine the weights and comprehensively evaluate the ecological security of wetlands. The results showed that the ecological safety value increased from 0.1754 to 0.2933 from 1990–2020 in the Changbai Mountains area, moving the critical safety state to the safety state. The value was lower in the center and higher in the east, north, and southwest. In addition, the wetlands in the north recovered faster. During the study period, the driver, response, and management indices increased, whereas the pressure, state, and impact were relatively stable. The Changbai Mountain region has achieved success in wetland management, education, environmental protection expenditure, ecological compensation, and natural wetland protection; however, rational planning is still needed for urbanization, construction and development, and wetland tourism.