Integrating Sensor Networks to Facilitate Efficient Energy Management for Smart Grids

Abstract Due to rising energy prices and demand, many organizations are developing energy monitoring, management, and conservation systems. A SEMS supports Demand Side Management by producing consumer energy consumption patterns, reducing costsand responding to energy-saving instructions. Internet of Things (IoT) might regulate how much energy is consumed in the commercial, industrial and residential sectors. The study offers an intelligent energy management solution for smart settings that integrates an IoT middleware module and Energy Controller to regulate the demand side effectively. Every IoT device has an energy controller connected, incorporating sensors and actuators.The basis behind this isexterior temperature conditions,the building's operational dynamics, optimizing the air conditioners' energy usage, and the energy controller gathers data on energy usage from each smart device across various periods. Since air conditioners use more than 50% of the power in Pakistan, their use served as a proof of concept for the recommended method. The proposed solution incorporates real-time monitoring, powerful algorithms and user-friendly interfaces. Electricity consumption is compared before and after the installation of SEMS as part of the assessment procedure.Four constructs are used to evaluate the proposed methodology. The research highlights the system's key benefits and reveals significant energy savings. The smart energy management system provides better air conditioning system control, real-time monitoring, cost savings, environmental advantages, and longer equipment life.