A pathological study of ovarian tumours in dogs

Ovarian tumours reflect a unique and complex challenge in oncology, distinguishing themselves from other forms of abnormal cellular growth such malformation growth, reparative growth and hyperplastic growth. While these latter processes involved cellular proliferation that is typically regulated and reversible, ovarian tumours exhibit uncontrolled, often irreversible growth with distinct biological behaviours. The present study aimed to assess occurrence and histopathology of different neoplasms of ovary of dogs in Jaipur city of Rajasthan, India. In the present study, tissue samples of genital tract from 121 female dogs were collected from different Animal Birth Control (ABC) programme and different clinics in Jaipur. Gross examinations of these samples showed 141 various lesions in different parts of genital tract out of which 15 cases of neoplasms of ovaries (15/141) with occurrence (15/141) 10.64 percent. Most commonly recorded neoplasm of ovary was granulosa cell tumour followed by cystadenoma, cystadenocarcinoma, dysgerminoma and luteoma. Histopathologically, granulosa cell tumour showed pathognomonic Call-Exner bodies consisting of a small central round, to oval space with eosinophilic follicular fluid. Cystadenoma showed papillary projections lined by single layer of cuboidal epithelium and at some places tightly packed tall columnar epithelium. Cystadenocarcinoma showed acini formation with proliferating cells having hyperchromatic and more pleomorphic nucleus and mitotic figures. Dysgerminoma showed polyhedral cells which had a moderate quantity of transparent eosinophilic cytoplasm. Luteoma showed proliferation of luteal neoplastic polyhedral cells with abundant, vacuolated cytoplasm and round nuclei forming multi lobulation. Study of canine ovarian tumours provides better understanding, diagnosis and treatment aspect of these tumours which is crucial for improving the overall health and wellbeing of canines.