Objective: To identify the prevalence and type of causative organisms responsible for surgical site infections(SSIs)inpatientsundergoingsurgeryattheGeneralSurgeryDepartment,Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad.Methodology: Across-sectional observational study was conducted from January to December 2024. Atotal of 343 patients who developed SSIs following elective or emergency surgeries were included. Immunocompromised patients, those on immunosuppressants, and patients with infections at other sites were excluded. Data on patient demographics, type of pathogens isolated from pus cultures were collected. Microbiological identification was performed using standard techniques, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The most common pathogen identified was Klebsiella spp.(20.4%) Enterobacter spp. (12.5%), Escherichia coli (12.2%) and Staphylococcus aureus (8.7%). Some patients (12.5%) showed no growth on culture (12.5%), while a few had mixed growth (0/9%). Gram-negative bacteria were more frequently implicated than Gram-positive organisms, indicating their central role in SSIs in this setting. Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella spp., were the primary causative agents ofSSIsatPIMS.Thesefindingsunderlinetheimportanceofmicrobialsurveillanceandcanguidecliniciansin selecting appropriate antimicrobial strategies and implementing infection prevention measures.Keywords: Surgical Wound Infection, Klebsiella Infections, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.
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