Cancer in Ayurvedic Perspective: A Conceptual Review

Cancer is a major global health challenge characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, invasion and metastasis. While modern oncology explains cancer through genetic and molecular mechanisms. Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Despite significant advances in modern oncology—including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy—cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Limitations such as adverse effects, recurrence, drug resistance, and compromised quality of life necessitate complementary strategies. Ayurveda describes cancer-like conditions under the concepts of Arbuda, Granthi and Dushta Vrana. Ayurveda emphasizes a holistic understanding of disease involving Dosha, Dhatu, Agni, Srotas and Ojas. This article reviews the Ayurvedic perspective of cancer including its etiological factors(Nidana), pathogenesis (Samprapti), classification and principles of management (Chikitsa). Understanding cancer through Ayurvedic principles may contribute to integrative approaches for prevention, supportive care and improved quality of life. Keywords – Cancer, Arbuda, Granthi, Samprapti, Integrative, oncology