Cervical cancer is a significant global health challenge, ranking as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women worldwide. While human papillomavirus infection is the primary cause, the disease’s progression involves complex molecular mechanisms. This comprehensive review examines the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic innovations in cervical cancer, with a focus on molecular insights and emerging therapeutic targets in drug discovery. We critically analyze a wide range of therapeutic targets, including AK6, ALK, BET, CDK4/6, EGFR, FAP, IDO, PD‐1, melanoma‐associated antigens (MAAs), mTOR, Notch, PAK4, PARP, PI3K, RSK4, SERPINB3, topoisomerase, and VEGF. The review elucidates their respective molecular mechanisms, current clinical status, and potential in the development of targeted therapies. We discuss the challenges in current treatment approaches, including chemotherapy resistance and the need for personalized medicine. The article offers an in‐depth analysis of FDA‐approved drugs for cervical cancer, exploring promising future therapeutic avenues, including immunotherapy, combination therapies, and novel targeted approaches. Emerging technologies such as CRISPR–Cas9 gene editing and the potential of artificial intelligence in drug discovery are also addressed. By offering a comparative analysis of different targets, this review aims to facilitate researchers in selecting both single‐ and multitargeted drug discovery approaches for cervical cancer. It serves as a critical resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the disease and developing new targeted therapies, potentially advancing the field of cervical cancer treatment toward more effective and personalized strategies.
Debnath et al. (Thu,) studied this question.