Paleovolcanic springs in the Southern Mountains of the Baturagung Zone, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, have an essential role in the local ecosystem and as water resources for the community. This study aims to identify and analyze the hydrogeomorphological characteristics of these springs, including distribution patterns, discharge variations, and water quality. This study used a descriptive-explorative method with a spatial approach, supported by the geography theme of location, place, and region. Data collection was conducted through field observation, review of relevant literature, and documentation. The data were then examined using spatial techniques, statistical methods, and descriptive interpretation. The results show that the distribution pattern of springs is irregularly clustered. Still, a small portion is clustered following river courses and fault structures. Spring discharge in the paleovolcanic complexes of Parangtritis-Sudimoro and Sumberkulon-Dengkeng varies from class V to VIII with a relatively small average. The two paleovolcanic complexes show differences in average discharge, pH, and EC but no differences in average temperature and TDS. Most other springs have TDS in the fresh and very fresh categories. Differences in geologic and geomorphologic conditions between the two paleovolcanic complexes contributed significantly to the variation in spring characteristics. This study is expected to contribute to water resources management and better understand hydrogeomorphologic characteristics in paleovolcanic areas.
Ervin et al. (Wed,) studied this question.