Antibiotic resistance, a growing global challenge, is predicted to cause millions of deaths in the near future. Innovative antibacterial wound dressings loaded with natural substances that have restorative effects can serve as alternatives conventional medicine. This research aims to investigate the antibacterial properties of electrospun nanofibers containing different proportions of chitosan, collagen, and hyaluronic acid-silver nanocomposite. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized via a green, solvent‑free method, with hyaluronic acid (HA) obtained from recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum fermentation serving as the natural reducing agent. with its production optimized using a full factorial design, resulting in a 26% yield increase under conditions of 10 g/L yeast extract, 20 g/L soy protein, and 400 mg/L MgSO₄. The purity of HA obtained from microbial fermentation was measured by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Silver nitrate concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 M were considered to synthesize nanoparticle precursors. Spectrophotometry and Dynamic Light Scattering analyses showed that 0.1 M AgNO3 produced nanoparticles with an average size of 98.5 nm. Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that the nanofibers had a coherent and uniform structure. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Nanofibers with 1:1:1 and 0.5:1:1 ratios (HA-Ag: collagen: chitosan) inhibited S. aureus growth, producing inhibition zones of 1.4 cm and 1.0 cm, respectively, but showed no effect against E. coli. Cytotoxicity assessment using L929 fibroblast cells through MTT assay indicated cell viabilities of approximately 85% and 70% for the active formulations, suggesting acceptable biocompatibility. Overall, the developed nanocomposite-loaded nanofibers show potential for application against antibiotic-resistant wound infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.
Hazaveh et al. (Mon,) studied this question.