Characteristics of Promising Accessions of Spring Durum Wheat Breeding by the Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East Region for the Leaf Diseases Resistance

The studies were carried out in 2021–2023 in the Saratov and Leningrad regions in order to identify samples of spring durum wheat resistant to a complex of leaf-stem diseases, carrying the recessive tsn1 allele, for subsequent use in breeding programs. Plant resistance was assessed by the type of reaction (score) and the degree of damage (%) of plants by pathogens of brown and stem rust, as well as leaf blotch. According to the results of the conducted research, the following wheat varieties are of the greatest interest: Annushka (Puccinia triticina (score 1…2 (MR reaction type)), P. graminis (2 (MR)), Parastagonospora nodorum (damage level 12 % (R)), P. pseudonodorum (10 % (RR)), Septoria triticicola (20 % (R)), Gala (P. triticina (2 points (MR)), P. graminis (2 points (MR)), P. nodorum (20 % (R)), P. pseudonodorum (10 % (RR)), Elizavetinskaya (P. triticina (2 points (MR)), Zymoseptoria tritici (20 % (R)), P. nodorum (10 % (RR)), P. pseudonodorum (16 % (R)), Luch 25 (P. triticina (1…2 points (MR)), P. graminis (2 points (MR)), S. triticicola (16 % (R)), Nik (P. triticina (2 points (MR)), P. pseudonodorum (16 % (R)), Saratovskaya zolotistaya, Pamyati Vasilchuka, Tamara (P. triticina (1 (R); 1…2 (MR); 1…2 points (MR), respectively), P. graminis (2 points (MR), respectively) and Nikolasha (P. graminis (2 points (MR)), P. nodorum (16 % (R)). Molecular screening revealed the presence of a recessive allele tsn1, which causes resistance to the SnToxA toxin of P. nodorum and P. pseudonodorum fungi in the varieties Saratovskaya zolotistaya, Valentina, Annushka, Luch 25, Pamyati Vasilchuka, Tamara and Gala.