What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to evaluate outcomes and identify risk factors for complications following implant-based breast reconstruction using non-magnetic RFID tissue expanders.

February 14, 2026

Breast Reconstruction Using Smooth, Non-Magnetic Radiofrequency Identification Port Tissue Expanders: Outcome Analysis and Risk Factors in 471 Reconstructions

Key Points

This research aims to evaluate outcomes and identify risk factors for complications following implant-based breast reconstruction using non-magnetic RFID tissue expanders.
Retrospective cohort study design involving patients who underwent implant-based breast reconstruction with RFID tissue expanders.
Primary endpoint defined as occurrence of complications and associated risk factors.
Quality of magnetic resonance images (MRI) assessed post-reconstruction.
Out of 471 procedures, 21.6% experienced complications, with seroma being the most common at 7.8%.
Older patients and smokers showed higher odds of complications, with odds ratios of 2.12 and 2.30, respectively.
Radiotherapy was also identified as a significant risk factor with an odds ratio of 2.29 for complications.
Using a submuscular pocket was linked to a reduced risk of seroma occurrence.

Abstract

Background: Most breast reconstructions are implant-based (IBR) and performed in two stages using tissue expanders (TE). Despite widespread indication for use, conventional TE can present limitations, especially those that containing metallic or magnetic ports. A new generation of TE incorporating non-metallic radiofrequency identification (RFID-TE) systems has been introduced. Objectives: To assess outcomes/risk factors for complications following IBR with RFID-TE systems. Methods: A retrospective cohort of patients who underwent IBR RFID-TE was identified, defining the primary endpoint as occurrence of complications/risk factors. We also evaluated the quality of magnetic resonance images (MRI;T1/T2-weighted sequences) taken for further diagnosis. Results: 356 patients (mean age:49.9±9.6 years) underwent 471 IBR RFID-TE systems; average follow-up of 29.4±16.6 months; 77 patients (21.6%) experienced complications, most frequently seroma (7.8%). More complications were observed in older patients ( p =0.005), smokers ( p =0.009), and those who received radiotherapy ( p =0.005) and reconstruction using a premuscular pocket ( p =0.001). Multivariate regression found that older patients and smokers had odds ratios of 2.12 ( p =0.013) and 2.30 ( p =0.024), respectively, for developing complications. Radiotherapy (OR:2.29; p =0.024) was also an independent risk factor for overall complications. Use of a submuscular pocket was associated with significantly lower odds of developing seroma (OR:0.21, p =0.08). MRI demonstrated excellent quality, with no artifact-related negative impacts. Conclusions: Despite extensive research on IBR, previous studies on RFID-TE are limited and did not analyze predictive risk factors. Our findings demonstrate that RFID-TE is a reliable technique, with results similar to those for other series using different devices. The absence of significant imaging artifacts contributes to follow-up and offers benefits over traditional TE.

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Breast Reconstruction Using Smooth, Non-Magnetic Radiofrequency Identification Port Tissue Expanders: Outcome Analysis and Risk Factors in 471 Reconstructions

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