What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to assess the levels of APAF-1 and E-cadherin in the placentas of smoking women affected by PROM.

February 17, 2026Open Access

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of APAF-1 and E-Cadherin Expression in Placentas of Smoking Women with Premature Rupture of Membranes

Key Points

The research aims to assess the levels of APAF-1 and E-cadherin in the placentas of smoking women affected by PROM.
Examined placental samples from smoking and non-smoking women diagnosed with PROM and healthy controls.
Conducted immunohistochemical analyses for APAF-1 and E-cadherin expression.
Increased expression of APAF-1 was found in placentas of smoking women with PROM compared to controls.
Decreased expression of E-cadherin was observed in the same group, suggesting disrupted cell adhesion.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of APAF-1 and E-cadherin in placental tissues of smoking women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Materials and Methods: Placental samples obtained from smoking and non-smoking women diagnosed with PROM and from healthy controls were examined immunohistochemically for APAF-1 and E-cadherin expression. Results: Increased APAF-1 expression and decreased E-cadherin expression were observed in placentas of smoking women with PROM compared to controls. Conclusion: Smoking may contribute to PROM by enhancing apoptotic activity and disrupting placental cell–cell adhesion. Keywords: placenta, apaf-1, prom, smoking

Immunohistochemical Evaluation of APAF-1 and E-Cadherin Expression in Placentas of Smoking Women with Premature Rupture of Membranes

Key Points

Abstract

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