Somalia is extremely vulnerable to climate-related disasters due to climate change, weak institutions and dependence on climate-sensitive livelihoods. Ranked 172nd in the 2022 ND-GAIN Index, the country has recently faced severe droughts causing over 71, 000 deaths and major economic losses. Despite policy efforts like the Sendai Framework and the revival of SODMA, significant gaps remain in financing, infrastructure and gover¬nance. The study examines how Somalia can shift from reactive disaster response to proactive risk reduction. Using global indices, policy analysis and case studies, it finds that fragmented governance, poor infrastructure and reliance on donor funding undermine DRR efforts, al-though localized initiatives like early warning systems show promise. Without action, climate shocks could cost up to 100 billion by 2050. The research recommends anticipatory strategies supported by decentralized governance, a national disaster fund, resilient infra¬structure and integrated multi-hazard warning systems. Strengthened institutions, improved coordination and innovative financing are essential. Proactive DRR can reduce humanitarian needs and support long-term resilience and development.
Ali et al. (Wed,) studied this question.