Mapping Higher Education Research in Malaysia and Singapore (2014–2024): A Bibliometric Analysis Through the Research–Policy–Practice Lens

Higher education plays a pivotal role in driving social and economic development in Southeast Asia; however, systematic evidence on regional research patterns remains limited. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of higher education research in Malaysia and Singapore from 2014 to 2024, focussing on three policy-relevant themes: digital learning, internationalisation, and graduate employability. Drawing on 8,339 Scopus-indexed publications and using bibliometric mapping with VOSviewer, the study examines keyword co-occurrence networks, thematic clusters, and citation impact, with the findings interpreted through the Research–Policy–Practice (RPP) nexus as an interpretive framework to qualitatively contextualise quantitative patterns. Results show that Malaysia produces more publications (6,195) but has lower average citations (11.18), while Singapore’s smaller output (2,144) achieves a higher impact (22.07 citations per paper). In digital learning, Malaysia emphasises blended learning and inclusive access under the Education Blueprint, whereas Singapore advances AI-driven and immersive technologies as part of its Smart Nation initiative. Internationalisation research highlights Malaysia’s role as an affordable regional hub and Singapore’s elite, quality-driven positioning; yet both systems exhibit weak cross-border collaboration despite ASEAN integration goals. Employability studies show Malaysia prioritising soft skills, digital literacy, and mental health support, while Singapore foregrounds lifelong learning and micro-credentials under SkillsFuture. By applying the RPP lens, the study explains how national priorities shape scholarly trajectories and inform institutional practice. It calls for stronger Malaysia–Singapore collaboration, harmonised digital standards, and employability strategies that integrate mental health, social equity, and technological upskilling to build more resilient and inclusive higher education systems in Southeast Asia.