Global ischemic heart disease incidence increased by 102% from 1990 to 2021, reaching 31.87 million cases, with projections indicating a further 0.30-fold increase by 2036.
Observational
Yes
The global burden of ischemic heart disease has doubled over the past three decades and is projected to continue rising, highlighting the urgent need for targeted prevention strategies, particularly in middle-SDI regions and among women.
Background Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of illness and death worldwide, posing a significant global health challenge. This study aims to examine the global impact of IHD over the past three decades, analyze regional and sociodemographic disparities, and predict future trends from 2022 to 2036. Methods Data from the GBD 2021 covering 371 diseases across 204 countries were analyzed. Regions were categorized based on the Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Future projections were made using an autoregressive integrated moving average model. Results From 1990 to 2021, the global IHD incidence more than doubled, increasing by 102%, reaching 31.87 million cases in 2021. Women experienced a faster increase (106%) than men (98%). Men represented 56.35% of cases, while women accounted for 43.65%. The highest incidence was observed in individuals aged 50–69 years, with age-standardized incidence rates of 372.90 per 100 000, higher in men (450.39) than women (301.5). IHD-related deaths in 2021 totaled 8.99 million, a 68% increase since 1990, with men accounting for 55.64%. Global DALYs were 188.36 million, with men contributing 61.04%. Regional disparities were notable, with the Middle SDI region seeing the highest growth in IHD burden. Future projections indicate a 0.30-fold increase in IHD incidence from 2022 to 2036, with more pronounced growth in women. Conclusion IHD remains a major global health issue, with increasing rates in low-income and middle-income countries. Targeted interventions focused on prevention, early detection, and management, particularly for women and older populations, are essential to addressing this growing burden.
Zhang et al. (Thu,) conducted a observational in Ischemic heart disease. Global ischemic heart disease incidence increased by 102% from 1990 to 2021, reaching 31.87 million cases, with projections indicating a further 0.30-fold increase by 2036.