The effect of cigarette and e-cigarette use on periodontal health: A cross-sectional study in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

Key Points

• Cigarette and e-cigarette use are linked to worse periodontal health compared to non-smokers, highlighting a growing concern.
• E-cigarette users show increased odds for adverse periodontal effects, although results come with broad confidence intervals to consider.
• Cross-sectional assessment across Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia conveys the significance of recognizing all tobacco forms as periodontal risk factors.
• The findings support the necessity for dental professionals to prioritize preventive care regarding tobacco use and periodontal disease.

Abstract