A hybrid fuzzy-PIDD² control strategy for coordinated LFC and AVR in renewable-integrated multi-area power systems

Key Points

• Improved control of load frequency and voltage stability is achieved with the hybrid fuzzy approach, enhancing power system performance.
• Performance metrics indicated substantial improvements in stability under varied operational scenarios, particularly in renewable-integrated frameworks.
• The control strategy utilizes adaptive fuzzy logic and PIDD elements, addressing changes in demand efficiently across multi-area systems.
• Enhanced stability in renewable energy systems holds potential for better integration, supporting reliable and sustainable energy solutions.