March 3, 2026Open Access

Non-Markovian ensemble propagation

Key Points

The NMEP method extends the Monte Carlo wave-function approach to handle non-Markovian dynamics, improving accuracy.
Results show that the new method matches analytic expressions and integrates well with the Lindblad master equation approach.
Observational examples confirm that non-Markovian ensemble propagation effectively captures complex quantum behaviors.
This research supports advancements in quantum technologies by improving our understanding of open quantum system dynamics.

Abstract

Open quantum systems are ubiquitous in nature and central to quantum technologies. A common description of their dynamics is given by the celebrated Lindblad master equation, which can be generalized to the non-Markovian scenario. In this work, we introduce the non-Markovian ensemble propagation (NMEP) method, which extends the Monte Carlo wave-function (MCWF) method to the non-Markovian case in a simple and general manner. We demonstrate its accuracy and effectiveness in a selection of examples, and compare the results with either analytic expressions or direct numerical integration of the master equation.

Non-Markovian ensemble propagation

Key Points

Abstract

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