Holistic assessment of a photocatalytic nanocomposite for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment: integrating thermodynamic, economic, and environmental indicators

Key Points

• The approach reveals effective wastewater treatment utilizing photocatalytic nanocomposites for pharmaceuticals.
• Key indicators include thermodynamic efficiencies and environmental impacts assessed alongside economic factors.
• This assessment utilizes various indicators to evaluate the holistic performance of wastewater treatment solutions.
• Optimizing nanocomposite use may enhance economic viability and environmental sustainability while addressing waste management.