The evaluation of retraction effect by measuring changes in citation trends before and after retraction

Key Points

• Citation trends show a notable decline after retraction, reflecting the impact of research integrity issues.
• The study highlights a decrease of approximately 45% in citations in the year following the retraction.
• Evaluation involved analyzing citation data from multiple academic databases over a five-year period.
• Findings suggest retractions significantly influence the visibility and perceived credibility of research.