Ulam stability of fractional ψ-Caputo differential equations involving two orders for fractional derivatives

Key Points

• Existence and uniqueness of solutions are established for fractional ψ-Caputo equations, indicating robust theoretical foundations for this class of equations.
• Using both Banach and Krasnoselskii fixed point theorems, the analysis reveals multiple types of Ulam stability, including Ulam-Hyers stability.
• The study examines nonlocal boundary integral conditions, showcasing their role in the solutions of fractional differential equations.
• Illustrative examples support the theoretical results, highlighting the potential for practical applications in various mathematical fields.