Mixed-mode fracture behavior and acoustic early warning indicators of hot dry rocks for enhanced geothermal systems

Key Points

• Mixed-mode fracture behavior significantly impacts the performance of geothermal systems, leading to potential operational challenges.
• Acoustic early warning indicators were successfully identified, showing a direct link to fracture behavior dynamics.
• Analysis of fracture behavior was conducted using acoustic monitoring techniques in hot dry rock settings over several months.
• Findings suggest that these indicators could enhance risk assessment strategies, improving the safety and efficiency of geothermal energy extraction.