To explore the influence of spatial heterogeneity on Zika virus (ZIKV), we formulate a reaction-diffusion model with a saturated incidence rate to better capture these real world dynamics. The basic reproduction number R₀ is derived, and threshold dynamics are established. When R₀1, the infection becomes uniformly persistent, and the system admits at least one endemic equilibrium. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical findings and further illustrate how spatial heterogeneity affects the spread and persistence of ZIKV. These findings underscore the importance of region specific control measures in managing ZIKV transmission.
Ding et al. (Thu,) studied this question.